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For organic soil, the best thing is warm/hot sodium hydroxide, 3-5% solution. Sure PBW is caustic (kinda) but is nothing compared to the power of lye, best of all it's way cheap. After that, rinse with a weak acid solution and you're sparkling shiny clean. NaOH does have a dark side though and if any gets on you, it will make soap out of the affected parts. Especially bad in the eyes.<ref>[http://www.themodernbrewhouse.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=1535 "Proper kettle care."] Low Oxygen Brewing forum, 2020.</ref> | For organic soil, the best thing is warm/hot sodium hydroxide, 3-5% solution. Sure PBW is caustic (kinda) but is nothing compared to the power of lye, best of all it's way cheap. After that, rinse with a weak acid solution and you're sparkling shiny clean. NaOH does have a dark side though and if any gets on you, it will make soap out of the affected parts. Especially bad in the eyes.<ref>[http://www.themodernbrewhouse.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=1535 "Proper kettle care."] Low Oxygen Brewing forum, 2020.</ref> | ||
A biofilm is difficult to remove because it protects its microorganisms against the action of shear forces and biocidal chemicals. In addition, if not completely removed, remaining parts of a biofilm will lead to a rapid regrowth.<ref name=filmtec> | A biofilm is difficult to remove because it protects its microorganisms against the action of shear forces and biocidal chemicals. In addition, if not completely removed, remaining parts of a biofilm will lead to a rapid regrowth.<ref name=filmtec>https://www.dupont.com/content/dam/dupont/amer/us/en/water-solutions/public/documents/en/45-D01504-en.pdf</ref><ref name=flemming>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hans-Curt_Flemming/publication/289774253_Biofouling_on_Membranes_-_A_Short_Review/links/5779259108ae1b18a7e61f1a.pdf</ref> | ||
Chlorine and other oxidizing agents are helpful for removing a biofilm by weakening the EPS and proteins.<ref name=flemming/> Alkaline treatment is also effective. | Chlorine and other oxidizing agents are helpful for removing a biofilm by weakening the EPS and proteins.<ref name=flemming/> Alkaline treatment is also effective. |